Multibiomarker responses and bioaccumulation of fipronil in Prochilodus lineatus exposed to spiked sediments: Oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses

Fipronil is a current use pesticide, widely used in many crops, commonly adsorbed to sediments of aquatic environments. The purpose this study was evaluate the biomarker responses and fipronil distribution pattern different matrixes (fish, sediment water) after juveniles P. lineatus exposure at two environmental concentrations (5.5 82 ?g kg ? ?1 ) fipronil-spiked sediments. levels oxidized proteins (PO), lipid peroxidation (LPO), enzymatic activity superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione content (GSH), antioxidant capacity against peroxyls (ACAP) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were evaluated liver, gills brain. Concentrations its metabolites (f. desulfinyl, f sulphpHide f. sulfone) quantified by GC-ECD. F. desulfinyl major metabolite found all matrixes, followed sulphide sediments, while sulfone mainly accumulated fish. promoted oxidative stress , as evidenced increases LPO PO decrease brain AChE activity. Fish exposed both showed significant capacity. Alterations defenses system organs. These results suggest that occurrence environments can generate showing species highly sensitive deleterious effects metabolites. • Exposure ?g.kg enough promote adverse lineatus. liver gills. damage Liver most affected organ exposure.